Section A: Basic Concepts
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Which of the following best defines guidance?
A. Helping individuals acquire wealth
B. Assisting individuals to make educational, vocational, and personal decisions
C. Giving instructions without choice
D. Telling students what to do
Answer: B -
Counselling is primarily concerned with:
A. Punishing wrongdoers
B. Helping individuals solve personal and interpersonal problems
C. Teaching academic subjects
D. Selecting careers for students
Answer: B -
The main purpose of guidance in education is to:
A. Control student behavior
B. Promote holistic development of learners
C. Eliminate examinations
D. Replace teaching
Answer: B -
Which of the following is NOT a type of guidance?
A. Educational guidance
B. Vocational guidance
C. Personal-social guidance
D. Political guidance
Answer: D -
The term ‘counselling’ originated from the Latin word "consilium" which means:
A. Punishment
B. Advice or consultation
C. Teaching
D. Research
Answer: B
Section B: Roles and Functions
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The main role of a school counsellor is to:
A. Discipline students
B. Teach mathematics
C. Assist students in personal, academic, and career development
D. Replace classroom teachers
Answer: C -
Which of the following professionals is most associated with counselling in schools?
A. Guidance coordinator
B. Classroom teacher
C. School chaplain
D. Sports master
Answer: A -
In Ghana, the Guidance and Counselling Unit in schools is supervised by:
A. WAEC
B. Ministry of Education
C. Ghana Education Service (GES)
D. Parliament of Ghana
Answer: C -
Counselling differs from advice-giving because it:
A. Focuses on decision-making by the client
B. Involves giving orders
C. Provides ready-made solutions
D. Forces clients to accept suggestions
Answer: A -
Which of the following is a preventive role of guidance and counselling?
A. Helping students plan their future careers
B. Punishing indiscipline
C. Forcing students into specific careers
D. Dismissing problem students
Answer: A
Section C: Counselling Theories
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Carl Rogers is associated with which counselling theory?
A. Psychoanalytic theory
B. Person-centered theory
C. Behavioural theory
D. Trait and factor theory
Answer: B -
Sigmund Freud is the founder of:
A. Behaviourism
B. Psychoanalysis
C. Humanistic theory
D. Cognitive development theory
Answer: B -
Behavioural counselling emphasizes:
A. Childhood memories
B. Observable behaviour and reinforcement
C. Free will and self-actualization
D. Dreams and unconscious motives
Answer: B -
The Gestalt theory emphasizes:
A. Wholeness and here-and-now experience
B. Punishment and reinforcement
C. Past childhood conflicts
D. Testing and measurement
Answer: A -
The cognitive approach to counselling focuses on:
A. Irrational beliefs and thought patterns
B. Dreams and unconscious desires
C. Rewards and punishments
D. Hereditary factors only
Answer: A
Section D: Techniques and Skills
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Which of the following is an essential skill of an effective counsellor?
A. Sympathy
B. Empathy
C. Authority
D. Judgment
Answer: B -
The technique where a counsellor repeats the client’s statement to show understanding is called:
A. Paraphrasing
B. Summarizing
C. Advising
D. Probing
Answer: A -
Closed-ended questions in counselling are mainly used to:
A. Encourage detailed expression
B. Obtain specific information
C. Explore feelings deeply
D. Avoid communication
Answer: B -
Confidentiality in counselling means that:
A. Counsellors can share information with anyone
B. Counsellors keep clients’ issues private unless harmful
C. Students must share problems publicly
D. Counsellors report every case to teachers
Answer: B -
Which of the following is NOT a counselling technique?
A. Clarification
B. Active listening
C. Reinforcement
D. Examination marking
Answer: D
Section E: Educational and Vocational Guidance
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Educational guidance helps students to:
A. Make informed academic choices
B. Choose sports activities only
C. Avoid all examinations
D. Disobey teachers
Answer: A -
Vocational guidance mainly prepares students for:
A. Political participation
B. Future careers and jobs
C. Family conflicts
D. Punishment in schools
Answer: B -
Which test is mostly used in vocational guidance?
A. Aptitude test
B. Vision test
C. Blood test
D. Pregnancy test
Answer: A -
Career days in schools are examples of:
A. Preventive guidance services
B. Remedial guidance services
C. Curative counselling
D. Disciplinary measures
Answer: A -
Which factor influences career choice most among Ghanaian students?
A. Family and cultural expectations
B. Dreams only
C. Peer pressure alone
D. Coincidence
Answer: A
Section F: Ethical and Professional Issues
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A counsellor should NOT:
A. Respect client’s dignity
B. Impose personal values on clients
C. Maintain confidentiality
D. Show empathy
Answer: B -
Which of the following is an ethical principle of counselling?
A. Confidentiality
B. Gossiping
C. Judgmental attitude
D. Authoritarianism
Answer: A -
Counselling in Ghanaian schools must respect:
A. Only foreign cultures
B. The cultural values of clients
C. Political affiliations of clients
D. Counsellor’s personal beliefs only
Answer: B -
Termination of counselling should occur when:
A. The counsellor is tired
B. The client’s goals have been achieved
C. The school closes
D. Teachers request it
Answer: B -
Which organization in Ghana supports the training of professional counsellors?
A. National Council for Tertiary Education (NCTE)
B. Ghana Psychological Association
C. WAEC
D. Electoral Commission
Answer: B
Section G: School Guidance Programme
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Orientation programmes in schools are examples of:
A. Preventive services
B. Curative services
C. Remedial services
D. Punitive measures
Answer: A -
Which of the following services provides assistance to students with academic difficulties?
A. Remedial service
B. Orientation service
C. Information service
D. Placement service
Answer: A -
The process of assigning students to suitable courses is called:
A. Placement service
B. Referral service
C. Counselling service
D. Recreational service
Answer: A -
Referral in counselling means:
A. Transferring a client to a more qualified professional
B. Ignoring the client’s problem
C. Reporting clients to teachers
D. Forcing decisions on clients
Answer: A -
The Information service in guidance and counselling provides students with:
A. Gossip
B. Reliable facts about careers, education, and opportunities
C. Political news only
D. Punishment records
Answer: B
Section H: Ghanaian Context
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Guidance and counselling was officially introduced into Ghanaian schools in:
A. 1960s
B. 1970s
C. 1980s
D. 1990s
Answer: B -
The guidance coordinator in a college of education is usually:
A. An appointed tutor trained in counselling
B. The school prefect
C. The accountant
D. The chaplain
Answer: A -
One major challenge of guidance and counselling in Ghanaian schools is:
A. Lack of trained personnel
B. Too many counsellors
C. Excessive funding
D. Absence of students
Answer: A -
The Ghana Education Service (GES) encourages guidance and counselling to help:
A. Reduce examination malpractices and indiscipline
B. Stop classroom teaching
C. Replace subject teachers
D. Eliminate schools
Answer: A -
In Colleges of Education, guidance and counselling courses mainly prepare teacher trainees to:
A. Teach mathematics only
B. Support pupils in personal, social, and academic growth
C. Become politicians
D. Punish pupils effectively
Answer: BDisclaimer: This material is provided for educational purposes to support teacher trainees and educators. It is not an official examination document of any college of education in Ghana.